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Journalism ethics and standards comprise principles of ethics and of good practice as applicable to the specific challenges faced by journalists. Historically and currently, this subset of media ethics is widely known to journalists as their professional "code of ethics" or the "canons of journalism".〔 The basic codes and canons commonly appear in statements drafted by both professional journalism associations and individual print, broadcast, and online news organizations. While various existing codes have some differences, most share common elements including the principles of—truthfulness, accuracy, objectivity, impartiality, fairness and public accountability—as these apply to the acquisition of newsworthy information and its subsequent dissemination to the public.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Statement of Principles )〕〔(IFJ (International Federation of Journalists) - IFJ Declaration of Principles on the Conduct of Journalists )〕 Like many broader ethical systems, journalism ethics include the principle of "limitation of harm." This often involves the withholding of certain details from reports such as the names of minor children, crime victims' names or information not materially related to particular news reports release of which might, for example, harm someone's reputation.〔(Internews Europe: Media Awards - Good Journalism ) Retrieved on June 9, 2009〕〔 Dean, Catherine. Strathmore University Ethics Conference, 2006 (see page 11, ''Harm limitation principle'') Retrieved on June 9, 2009〕 Some journalistic codes of ethics, notably the European ones,〔(Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe - Resolution 1003 (1993) on the ethics of journalism ) (see clause 33)〕 also include a concern with discriminatory references in news based on race, religion, sexual orientation, and physical or mental disabilities.〔(UK - Press Complaints Commission - Codes of Practice ) (see item 12, "Discrimination")〕〔 (Italy - FNSI's La Carta dei Doveri (The Chart of Duties) ) (section "Principi")〕〔 (Spain - FAPE's Código Deontológico (Deontological Code) ) (see ''Principios Generales'', item 7, "a")〕〔 (see Article 6, item XIV)〕 The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe approved in 1993 Resolution 1003 on the Ethics of Journalism which recommends journalists to respect the presumption of innocence, in particular in cases that are still ''sub judice''.〔(PACE Resolution 1003 (1993) on the Ethics of Journalism ) (see clause 22)〕 ==Evolution and purpose of codes of journalism== The principles of Journalistic codes of ethics are designed as guides through numerous difficulties, such as conflicts of interest, to assist journalists in dealing with ethical dilemmas. The codes and canons provide journalists a framework for self-monitoring and self-correction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「journalism ethics and standards」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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